GLP-1 receptor agonist

GLP-1 receptor agonist (also GLP-1, GLP-1 RA, glucagon-like peptide-1): GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of injectable medications that mimic the natural hormone GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1). They lower blood glucose, slow gastric emptying, suppress appetite, and produce significant weight loss.

Common medications

Semaglutide is sold as Ozempic (for diabetes) and Wegovy (for obesity). Tirzepatide — which activates both GLP-1 and GIP receptors — is sold as Mounjaro (for diabetes) and Zepbound (for obesity). Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda) and dulaglutide (Trulicity) are older members of the class.

Effects on eating

These medications meaningfully change appetite, food preferences, and tolerance for high-fat foods. Most users naturally drop calories without conscious restriction. The risk on the way down is muscle loss if protein intake isn't deliberately maintained.

Side effects

Nausea, reflux, bloating, "sulfur burps," and constipation are common, especially in the dose-escalation phase. They typically improve over weeks; foods that worsen them include deep-fried, very high-fat, and very sugary items.